Hiking or hiking is an activity that we can do outdoors that consists of walking routes through rural areas, mountains or marked paths. These types of routes or paths are usually a maximum of 30 kilometers with a difficulty that allows practically anyone to do it despite having no experience.

Before going out on a hiking route, we must take into account the previous preparation and the equipment or material that we will have to take with us.

Next we will show you some of the articles that are essential to be able to carry out a hiking route without problems.

Hiking shoes

At the beginning and on simple routes, we can opt for closed running type sports shoes, but as soon as we face more difficult challenges, it is essential to use specific mountain shoes. I recommend you consult our article on mountain footwear where we give you the best keys to make the right choice.

This is the main equipment that we will need to avoid problems when hiking, footwear is vital to avoid any accident. In addition to the fact that it will protect our feet from all types of terrain, it will provide us with comfort, ventilation, cushioning among many other things.

There is a type of boot for each type of path, that is, they cannot be used or it is not recommended to use the same boots for a dirt path, a stone path, or a dirt and stone path. You must buy boots that are as light as possible and the foot must fit well inside, and most importantly, they must be waterproof.

Hiking backpacks

For a normal hiking route of between 2 to 4 hours it is advisable to use a backpack of between 15 to 30 liters, in case we are going to do a longer route then it would be best to take backpacks with a larger capacity of up to 70 liters.

The closures of the backpack must be closed with a zipper, thus preventing the entry of water, it should also have straps to adjust it to the waist and chest, it would be convenient if it also had some type of strap to be able to put the poles there in case we get tired to take them

Hiking clothes

Using technical clothing for hiking will provide us with comfort for both long and short routes. On the other hand, it will prevent us from having blisters, pinkness or any damage to the skin that makes us uncomfortable during our activity.

Hiking underwear

To use adequate underwear we must take into account factors such as resistance and breathability. The ideal would be to find garments without seams or seamless and, in the absence of them, choose those that use flat seams. Most of the time chafing in the groin is caused by sweating.

The objective would be to wear underwear with breathable fabrics, which eliminate sweat that must pass to the intermediate layer, which control odors and avoid cotton in the base layer, which takes time to dry, opting for synthetic materials, such as polyester, or microfiber-based fabrics, such as lycra, which transport moisture to the outside and dry quickly.

Hiking pants

Hiking pants are not totally essential if we are going to go on short routes, but they will certainly make our walks more comfortable. The characteristics that we should look for in good hiking pants are:

• Repel water
• Allow perspiration to evacuate sweat
• Fast dry
• Elasticity to facilitate movements
• Zipped pockets

Hiking socks

It will be useless to have excellent footwear for hiking if we do not accompany them with matching socks. There are certain fabrics that can cause pinkness or blisters on our feet and must be avoided at all costs, such as cotton that accumulates sweat and does not allow good perspiration.

It is recommended that they incorporate synthetic fibers, which favor the evaporation of sweat and that they have an anti-skid system. The height will depend on the type of footwear we use.

Upper part

It is recommended to use multiple layers in the central part of the body, it is not recommended to use cotton as it will affect our performance and make us sweat more.

1. First layer: The inner layer acts as a "second skin", its function is to keep the body as dry as possible, expelling sweat from the skin to the outside. You should wear a tight shirt that allows good breathability.
    

   

2. Second layer: This layer will be in charge of isolating our body from the outside. The result of this insulation will be the retention of body heat, and therefore this second layer keeps us warm when the outside temperature is cold. If the cold on our trail is very intense, we suggest you use an extra layer to keep your body at a good temperature.

   

3. Third layer: The function of this third layer is to have protection from the most extreme weather agents such as rain or snow. You should look for a coat that is breathable and waterproof.
    

   

Hiking gear

It is convenient to carry some extra items that could make our way easier and in case of emergency get us out of trouble.

Trekking poles

The poles when hiking have many advantages such as distributing the effort and weight to the upper body, making it a more complete exercise. It is also a great help when preventing leg injuries, especially knees as it helps us distribute the weight.

Some of the elements that we must take into account when choosing good hiking poles are:

• We must consider a good grip
• Light, resistant and with cushioning capacity

Flashlight

Although we do not plan for the activity to last for hours until the sunlight disappears, it is important to bring a flashlight in case some unforeseen event causes us to waste a lot of time and catches us off guard at night.

These are some of the things to consider when choosing a good flashlight:

• Choose batteries or battery based on availability of charging sources or duration of activity.
• A headlamp allows for comfortable, hands-free use.
• Always check batteries and batteries before leaving.
• We do not recommend cheap brands, it is better to go for brands that are synonymous with reliability.

First aid kit

Although it seems that it is an obvious element when we are going to go for a walk in the mountains, it is one of the great forgotten elements but always essential in an emergency.

The first-aid kit must be adapted to the activity and the climate, it must be used to disinfect and immobilize, it must be waterproof, compact and light.

Solar protection

It is advisable to always carry elements that protect us from the sun, depending on the case, we will choose according to the characteristics of the route that we are going to take.

We must take into account the following:

• Sunglasses will also protect us from wind, rain and strong winds.
• Sun cream is something we should never forget
• A hat or cap can also protect us from the wind, sun or cold.

Extreme battery

The external battery can get us out of big trouble since it will allow us to charge the cell phone and depending on the flashlight we have, it could be used to charge it as well.

Thermos

Water is vital while we do this type of activity, so although it seems obvious we cannot forget it. Always consider taking extra water, it is better that we have more than not enough.

Hydration is a fundamental aspect in all sports practice, and even more so in those that are carried out in the natural environment. It will allow our body to perform better and recover better.

Hiking accessories

Although these accessories are not essential, they can be very useful at certain times.

Utility knife

We may not get to use it that day, but it doesn't hurt to carry a utility knife. We do not need those that have a thousand functions, but a straight blade, can opener, punch and saw blade would be enough. If we were camping, we would have to have one with some other function.

Photographic camera

A camera that you can use for activities such as hiking should meet the following requirements: be light, not attract too much attention, not be too expensive, and be robust and reliable.

It will also depend on what your priority is during your activities, but our recommendation is that you look for light, versatile, robust, quality and reliable photographic equipment.

Grooming kit

This basic grooming kit should contain the following:

• Biodegradable soap
• Toothbrush
• Quick dry towel

Stove

If your route will be long so you will have to sleep outdoors, we recommend you bring a stove, in addition to helping you stay warm by using it as a campfire and to heat up some food in the morning.

We must take into account the following before purchasing a stove for our hiking route:

• Weight
• Volume
• Type of fuel
• Fire control
• Ignition
• Stability

There are a large number of stoves on the market, so you can easily find one that suits your needs.

Tent

In case on our route it is considered to spend a night in the open air, a tent is more than necessary. There are several things that we must take into account before choosing a place to camp, such as the type of terrain and the climate.

Our priority when choosing a tent is that it be waterproof and ultralight, since we do not want to carry a lot of weight on our backs.

Recommendations

• We always have to make a checklist of the things we need to take, this will depend on the type of route we will do. 
• It is important to review the path beforehand if possible, the terrain that we will find and the weather, in this way we can go as well prepared as possible.
• If you cross muddy trails, it is advisable to clean the soles with a stick, otherwise you will have the feeling that you are wearing boots with smooth soles.
• Never wear your shoes for the first time the same day you start the hiking route, since they can spoil your day if they do not adapt well to the foot, or you to them.
• When carrying a backpack, it must be considered that the weight that we can carry is less than a fifth of our weight.
• Hiking poles are necessary adjust them properly according to your height and progression, that is, the climbs, descents and type of terrain.

Did you find this list of hiking essentials helpful? Do you think something important was missing? Leave your opinion in the comments and if you liked it, don't forget to share it with your friends.

Surely several of us have been interested in going for a walk in nature, having closer contact with the forests or the mountains and thus being able to get away from city life for a few hours. Being in contact with the flora and fauna close to us will help us to have a healthier life.

What is hiking?

We can say that hiking is a sporting activity, not competitive, which consists of walking along a path. This trail may or may not be marked, and is generally done along country lanes, greenways, or forest paths.

One of the purposes of hiking is to bring people closer to the natural environment and create awareness through this activity. Anyone can practice hiking, since it adapts to the physical conditions of each person. It has different degrees of technical difficulty and levels of physical effort.

What are the types of hiking that exist?

There are four types of hiking:

• Mountain Hiking

  • It is characterized by being carried out in areas of great unevenness, with narrower paths and on different terrains that offer a certain level of difficulty.

• Hiking in Nature

  • It is carried out on terrain with little unevenness, without large slopes. In general, it is carried out on well-defined paths and with good signage, since its objective is to contemplate the natural panorama of the area.

• Fast hiking

  • Like mountain hiking, but giving more speed to the walk. The trails may or may not be defined, giving it the allure of having to decide your own path.

• Hiking in the Snow

  • It is done on snowy trails, not too complicated

What are the types of trails and their signage?

Local trails

They have a short route, less than 10 km and their level of difficulty is low. That makes them suitable for touring with the family, without the need for sophisticated equipment or physical preparation or previous hiking experience.

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Short-distance trails

Its extension does not exceed 50 km, so they are designed to be traveled generally in a single day.

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Long-distance trails

Any route that exceeds 50 km falls into this category, and they can cross different municipalities or towns. It is usually done over several days.

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• Continuity

  • It consists of a white line above and another of the color corresponding to the trail below. If two trails meet at the sign, the one with the highest rank is marked first. In other words, a section common to a GR path and a PR path is marked with a white, red and yellow stripe.

• Abrupt change of direction

  • Same as the Continuity sign, with an inverted L below in white.

• Turn

  • Se emplea cuando se deja el camino para tomar otro. Se marca con dos líneas paralelas que simulan la dirección del cambio.

• Wrong direction

  • It is placed at the beginning of a path that should not be taken. The colors of the path type are used in the form of a cross, with the stripe running from the lower left to the upper right.

What items do I need?

• Backpack
  • It should be between 18 and 32 liters in capacity, preferably lightweight and can be strapped across the chest or hip for comfort.
• Footwear
  • The sole must be with very good grip and specialized for hiking. Preferably use those that are half boot or full boot. The socks we suggest you use those that are non-slip.
• Outfit
  • quick dry pants
  • Long-sleeved shirt to protect you from the sun and winds
  • Depending on the destination, a sweatshirt and a windbreaker should be added, in the case of cold places it would be best to bring something suitable for low temperatures.
• Accessories
  • Light gloves, scarf and hat
• Canes
• Sunscreen
• Class 3 sunglasses, these filter up to 92% of the light, they are used for areas with high luminosity.
• First aid kit
• Water, about two liters per person.
• Food in small portions
• Bag to carry all your garbage

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Is it good to take my dog?

Taking your dog with you on a day of hiking is not a bad idea. In fact, hiking with dogs is an activity that strengthens the bond with your pet and with which, without a doubt, you will make them very happy. If your dog loves to go for a walk, imagine how he would like to go on a nature trail for hours. Hiking is a very good exercise for the mind and body, both for you and your furry friend.

To take your best friend for a day of hiking, here are some recommendations:

• Plan the route

  • You should know in advance the total duration of the trip, the kilometers and everything related to the terrain. You must choose depending on your physical capacity and that of your dog.

• Take into account the weather

  • It is not advisable to go out on a hot or very rainy day. The best time to go out with your dog is in Autumn.

• Choose a route according to the abilities of your dog

  • You must take into account the breed, age, physical condition, stamina and health of your canine companion. Do not force him to make a physical effort that could bring negative consequences.

• Avoid dangerous areas

  • Cliffs, climbing or suspension bridges could be problematic for your dog. Also the asphalt in summer could cause burns on your dog's legs.

• Protect your dog's pads

  • Use protective cream before and after each route, so you will prevent them from cracking and the dog from getting hurt. It is also advisable to check from time to time, during the tour, that the legs are fine, without cuts or any buried object.

• Start small

  • Your first routes with your dog should be short and as they get used to it, the difficulty and duration increase.

• Bring enough water for both of you

  • This way you will avoid dehydration, take a portable drinker or a collapsible silicone feeder to offer water or food from time to time to your faithful companion.

• Remember to take short breaks to replenish energy.

What are the best places for hiking in Mexico?

In Mexico there are many hiking trails so it is very difficult to define which would be the best but we will give you a list of some places that are excellent for hiking in various parts of the country.

Guadalupe Canyon in Baja California

It is located 60 kilometers south of the Mexicali-Tijuana highway in the state of Baja California, and in it you can find incredible natural wonders hidden in the desert.

You can find hot springs, in addition, it is a perfect place to camp and sleep under the stars, which shine more intensely thanks to the absence of artificial light. 

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Desert of the Lions in CDMX

The Desierto de los Leones National Park, is one of the most popular and attractive places for hiking, it is very close to CDMX and a large number of hikers, hikers, cyclists and families gather there to explore the steep trails of this beautiful park.

It has trails that vary from moderate to difficult, however they are all easy to follow. The most challenging excursion is the one that heads towards Cerro San Miguel, the highest peak in the park, which is 12,400 feet above sea level.

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Nevado de Toluca

The Nevado de Toluca is the fourth largest mountain in Mexico, it is ideal for beginners as well as enthusiastic hikers because its walks are adapted to different levels.

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Nevado de Colima

The Nevado de Colima is the seventh highest peak in Mexico, it is an old inactive volcano that is located between Colima and Jalisco. It is located around a protected park, so you can find different routes depending on your level.

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Ajusco Summits in CDMX

The Cumbres del Ajusco National Park has well-trodden trails and beautiful landscapes. It is located at an altitude of 4,000 meters above sea level. Several trails converge at the top, so there is no risk of getting lost.

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Matacanes in Nuevo León

One of the most spectacular canyons in Mexico is Matacanes and it is located two hours from Monterrey, Nuevo León. In this beautiful place you can find underground rivers, waterfalls and pools of blue water.

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Bishop's Hill in Jalisco

This hill is part of the pilgrimage that faithful parishioners make every year to Talpa to give thanks to the Virgen del Rosario de Talpa, but it can be visited at any time. It has a height of 2100 meters and there are several routes that you can take depending on the level you have.

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Sierra de San Juan Cosala in Chapala, Jalisco

This mountain range has a beautiful view of Lake Chapala, the largest lake in Mexico. It is located one hour from the city of Guadalajara and has several routes that will allow you to start from the most basic to levels for people with more experience.

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Sierra de Santa Rosa in Guanajuato

Just 15 minutes from the capital of Guanajuato is the Sierra de Santa Rosa, an area characterized by its morning fog, this will make your hiking experience completely different.

These are some of the places that you can find in Mexico to go hiking, other places where you can go hiking are

• Caves and waterfalls of Cuetzalan
• The Lacandon Jungle in Chiapas
• Iztaccihuatl volcano
• Los Tuxtlas Biosphere Reserve
• Copper canyons
• Sierra San Miguelito in San Luis Potosi
• Sierra de Órganos National Park in Zacatecas

How do I find hiking trails near me?

There are two very popular apps that will help you find hiking trails near you.

AllTrails

"Your guide to the outside", is how the AllTrails app defines itself, with a catalog of more than 100,000 hiking trails around the world.

There are routes of different levels of difficulty, so you can choose the one that best suits your experience to do it in complete safety.

This app does not lack the saving of activities carried out, to be able to analyze your performance as the days go by, and the detailed GPS itinerary to guide you.

Wikiloc

One of the most useful apps for hiking is Wikiloc, with millions of trails around the world to choose from.

In addition, you can create your own routes and download those that you have liked the most to access them when you do not have a network connection.

After you've finished a trail, you can save the activity and add the photos you've taken along the trail for other Wikiloc users to see.

These are some of our tips and guides to start hiking, do you have other tips or do you think we missed mentioning something? Leave us your opinion in the comments.​

Running, or running, is a sport that has been spreading in its practice, becoming more popular day by day. In addition to the fact that running is one of the oldest exercises in the history of mankind that serves as the basis for many other highly popular sports.

Although you might think that running is easy to practice, doing it with an incorrect technique can cause various injuries that, if not taken care of, can lead to severe problems later on. The most common injuries associated with running include injuries to the knees, feet, and ankles, as well as injuries to the back and leg muscles.

Knee injuries, such as patellofemoral pain syndrome and knee tendonitis, can be caused by poor posture or poor running technique. Foot and ankle injuries, such as ankle sprains and plantar fasciitis, are often the result of a lack of strengthening of the foot and ankle muscles, as well as poor shoe choices.

In general, to prevent running injuries it is important to have a good running technique, good footwear, adequate physical preparation and a balanced diet. It is also important to listen to our body and not exceed the intensity or duration of the running sessions. If you experience any pain or injury, it's important to seek treatment as soon as possible to avoid long-term complications.

That is why below we will talk to you in more detail about the most common injuries when running and how to avoid them, in this way you can enjoy all the benefits of doing this exercise.

What are the most common injuries when running?

There are many injuries that can be caused by falling, so we suggest you always do this exercise according to your physical condition and wear the right accessories.

The most common running injuries are:

Patellar tendonitis

It is also known as jumper's knee; since it is more common in athletes whose sports include frequent jumping. This injury causes inflammation and degeneration of the anterior knee tendon that attaches the kneecap to the leg and manifests as pain below the kneecap, mainly when the knee is flexed.

Achilles Tendonitis

This injury occurs when the tendon that connects the back of the leg to the heel becomes inflamed, the pain produced is near the bottom of the foot. This tendon is called the Achilles tendon and it is what allows us to push our foot down and thanks to it we can walk, run and jump.​

Fibrillar tear in the hamstrings

This injury is commonly known as a muscle tear and is usually caused by different reasons such as: sudden muscle contraction, excessive elongation or effort that exceeds the muscle's capacity.

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Plantar fasciitis

This injury is one of the most common causes of heel pain, it inflames a thick band of tissue that crosses the sole of the foot, this band connects the heel bone with the toes. It supports the arch of the foot and absorbs the impact when walking. This condition occurs, above all, in people who are overweight, who work standing up or who use inappropriate footwear when jogging.

Shin splints

This injury is also known as tibial stress syndrome and causes pain along the inner part of the tibia, that is, it is felt by the shin bone due to the inflammation of the membrane that surrounds the tibia. It is usually caused by running or other high-impact activity and usually improves with rest and does not cause lasting problems.

Iliotibial band syndrome

This syndrome is also known as runner's knee and is one of the most frequent injuries in people who run. It occurs when the tendon that connects the hip to the knee repeatedly rubs against the outside of the knee joint, causing discomfort on the outside of the knee.

Stress fracture of the metatarsals

These types of fractures are caused by overuse. When we run, the feet endure continuous pressure every time the ground is struck. This movement can cause weakness in some areas of the bones. It can cause intense pain in the front of the foot that forces you to stop walking.

Chondromalacia patellar

This condition is also known as patellofemoral pain syndrome and is used to describe pain in the front of the knee.
It appears when the cartilage that covers the kneecap erodes and softens. It generally occurs due to instability or malposition of the patella in its joint with the femur.

How do I avoid injuries when running?

There are a number of things you can do before, during, and after your run that will help minimize the chances of a fitness-impairing injury.

Heating

It is essential to prepare our body before doing any type of exercise, by doing it properly we can achieve our goal without so much effort and avoiding injuries to our body.

Warm-up exercises before running increase body temperature, blood flow, and heart rate through dynamic stretching and aerobic movements.

The warm-up must be done as a routine before starting our exercise, no matter in what modality. We will show you some warm-up exercises that will help you prepare your body for the demands of running.

There are creams that help warm up the muscles before doing physical activity, we recommend that you try one to avoid possible injuries.

Hamstring stretches

With this training exercise we stretch the back muscles of the thigh. It is done standing up, crossing the legs, and keeping them as stretched as possible, and bending the body forward and trying to touch the ground with the hands, while also pushing the weight of the trunk downwards.

Knee to chest

Standing, we cross our legs, keeping them as stretched as possible, and bend our bodies forward to try to touch the ground with our hands, while also pushing our weight downwards.

Hip flexor extension

For this warm-up exercise, step one leg over the other. The lead leg should be bent, with the knee in line with the ankle and the thigh parallel to the ground. The other leg should be fully extended but with the foot touching the ground.

We repeat several sessions per leg, placing our hands on the flexed knee to help us better maintain balance. This will warm up our legs and hips, which will help the stride.

Knee raise

This warm-up exercise before running must be done very quickly, and arms and legs are warmed up, in a space of 40-50 meters, since it is done as if we were running with very short strides.

We raise our knees as much as possible, and with short running steps, we accompany the movement with our arms. The more the knees rise and the arms move, the better the warm-up and the longer the running stride.

Warm up with twists

In this exercise, speed is also a better warm-up. It consists of moving with the feet crossed towards lateral directions. Cross feet alternately, turning the hip to the opposite side of the crossed front foot, moving outstretched arms in the same direction as the hip, and turning. It is a good warm up for all muscles.

Choice of terrain

There are several types of terrain on which you can run, but we advise you to avoid asphalt at all costs. Because it is a very hard surface, the joints take a lot of effort and are more likely to get injured.

In case you have no other option, you should look for shoes with excellent cushioning, in this way the impact will be less and you will be able to help your joints suffer less.

Soft terrain such as dirt or grass cushions and protects the joints. You can also do this activity on a synthetic track, these are specially made to avoid injuries to athletes.

Keep hydrated

When running, water is lost due to sweating, our physiological mechanism by which the body expels heat during exercise. But in addition to this liquid, important minerals such as sodium, potassium and magnesium are lost, which can increase the probability of a cramp. To avoid this it is very important to drink water before, during and after running.

A fluid loss of 2% of body weight is enough for physical performance to decrease significantly. Depending on the intensity of the race that you are going to do will be the amount of water to ingest, what we recommend is never to wait until you are thirsty and always hydrate a little before starting physical activity.

Choice of footwear

We need to choose running shoes that adapt well to our foot and our type of footprint, which is not as simple a task as it might seem.

One of the first things to take into account is the pronation of your foot, that is, the inward rotation of the foot at the moment it comes into contact with the ground when running or walking.

Depending on your pronation, it will be the type of footprint you have and the type of running shoe you should choose. To find out for yourself the type of footprint you can review your current tennis shoes and see the wear of the sole.

Neutral footstep

Si el exterior de las suelas presentan un desgaste en forma de S desde el talón hasta la punta es bastante probable que tu pronación o pisada sea neutra. Gracias a esto tienes mayor facilidad a la hora de elegir unos buenos tenis de correr ya que prácticamente cualquier modelo te será de utilidad.

Supinated footstep

When the rotation of the foot is excessive outwards we would be talking about supination. Your weight is supported on the side of the running shoe when you land on your foot, affecting the efficiency of your stride.

The impact of the foot against the ground causes a greater vibration that affects the upper part of your legs. People who run and have a supinated foot strike are more prone to injuries and fractures due to the impact of their footfall. If this is your case, choose running shoes with good cushioning.

Pronator

This type of footprint occurs when the rotation of the foot is excessive inward. The weight of the body tends to be transferred to the inside of the foot, which causes contact between the ground and the inside of the shoe, instead of the metatarsals.

This causes an imbalance, causing the foot to rotate inward to regain lost stability. You will be able to tell if your footprint is pronating if your tennis shoes have excessive wear on the inside of the heel and in the area of the big toe. The tennis shoes that you should use are those with good cushioning and support.

Progression in the exercise

When running it is advisable to start from less to more, going for a run does not mean doing a 100-meter dash or completing a marathon in the first week of training.

The rhythm and distance will always be linked to our physical capacity and we must not force our body to carry out an activity to which it is not used or prepared.

A good method to progress when we begin to practice this activity is to carry out training that combines a brisk walk, continuous running and jogging.

Heart check

This point is only necessary for very specific cases, if you are over 40 years of age, are overweight, have a chronic illness or have not exercised for a long time, it would be best to have a medical check-up to find out if there are risks of suffer some cardiovascular discomfort and thus perform the exercise with all possible precautions.

What do you think of our tips to avoid injuries when running? Do you think we missed any important advice? Leave your opinion in the comments and do not forget to share with your friends if you think this article will be useful to them.

Exercising is a great way not only to maintain physical health but also mental health, as it helps us relax and get rid of stress, as well as improving memory, our quality of sleep and helps us to have a better state of mind. .

Unfortunately, not all people love being locked up in a gym lifting weights or running on a machine without getting anywhere, this can get boring and that is why they give up doing any exercise. It is also possible that sports are not their thing and that is why they do not practice things as popular as soccer, tennis or basketball.

Fortunately, there is an area of sports called outdoor that allows us to have all the benefits of exercising and more.

What are outdoor sports?

Outdoor sports, or also called outdoor sports, are those sports or activities of a physical nature that are practiced in direct contact with nature. Some of these sports can test our physical and mental abilities, but everything will depend on the level of difficulty you choose when doing them.

What are the most popular outdoor sports?

There are many sports that can be practiced outdoors but we will explain a little about the most popular outdoor sports.

Running

This physical activity is probably one of the oldest in the world, defining it is as easy as saying it is going for a run outdoors. Although there are variants depending on the terrain or the place where it is done, for example trail running.

Trail running is going for a run but in natural areas, that is, like mountains or roads that have rugged relief and unevenness. In trail running the terrain is constantly changing. It runs on trails, stones, mud, grass and even through snow

In order to carry out a good race outdoors, it is necessary to be in good physical health, since some of the constant injuries that can appear from practicing it are knee or muscle discomfort.

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Hiking

Hiking is the physical activity of going for a walk on marked trails and paths, generally in the mountains or in rural areas. The difficulty of this outdoor exercise depends on the routes taken. It is a mixture of sports and tourist activity, which takes place mainly in natural environments.

Hiking is a non-competitive activity, this means that its purpose is not to compete against time or against other participants. On the contrary, it is a perfect activity to take it easy, enjoy in company, share great moments and experiences, and disconnect from the routine.

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Mountaineering

Mountaineering is the sport of walking and excursions through the mountains, making ascents and descents in them. Although it can be confused with hiking, there are several differences between these two outdoor sports, the main one is that mountaineering takes place in high mountain areas, so its difficulty is greater than that of hiking.

Mountaineering encompasses multiple activities such as:

• Hiking
• Trekking
• Winter mountaineering
• Mountaineering, Andinism and Himalayism
• Climbing, classic, sport and ice
• Mountain races
• Mountain bike routes
• Canyoning
• Ski touring

To carry out this activity it is advisable to do it with someone who knows about the subject and learn technical aspects to avoid accidents.

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Mountain biking

Mountain biking is a type of competitive sport carried out on natural circuits through forests and mountains on narrow paths and with steep slopes. It is also called mountain biking and BTT. It is considered a risk sport that covers a multitude of specialties.

Mountain biking can be practiced individually, but it is recommended to do it in a group since going out on such complicated roads is risky and in an emergency it is best to have someone around you who can help you.

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Surfing

Surfing is a water sport, which is carried out outdoors, in which the aim is to move standing on a board along a wave of the sea. During the tour you can do different maneuvers along the wall of the wave. It is vitally important to be able to maintain balance while moving.

There are several types of surfing apart from the conventional one, some of the best known are:

• Windsurfing. In this variant of surfing, movement in the water is carried out using the board and a sail. In addition to maintaining your balance, you must be aware of the wind at all times to avoid dangerous situations.
• Kitesurfing. The displacement is due to the fact that our table is driven by a kite or kite. Thanks to this you can perform different turns, and even surf the waves, and perform pirouettes through the air. 
• Paddle surfing. We must go standing on a board with an oar, which is used to slide due to the impulse it provides.
• Bodyboard. It is practiced sliding on a board in shallow water, with a board that is shorter and more flexible than a normal surf board.

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Rafting

Rafting is the English term for the descent of rivers. This outdoor sport consists of descending the rivers in the direction of the current with a raft. The occupants aim to steer the raft by using the oars to avoid obstacles that may be encountered during the descent. This activity can be done in groups, individually or in pairs.

To practice Rafting it is necessary to know the areas intended for it. It cannot be practiced anywhere, there are areas of rivers enabled for its descent, safely and in relation to the degree of knowledge and practice that one has.

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Snorkeling

Snorkeling or snorkeling consists of moving along the surface of the water, with suitable material: a pair of fins, a mask and a tube; and observe the seabed. In addition, it is a sport that is also characterized by being able to breathe continuously through the tube that remains on the surface. This practice is also known as tubing.

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Dive

Diving, also known as scuba diving or scuba diving, consists of submerging in the water, be it in a lake, the sea or a river and thus being able to observe what surrounds us under this underwater environment.

There are two types of diving:

• Recreational diving. Its purpose is recreation and enjoyment. It can be practiced in two ways, through free diving or apnea, which is the descent to the depth of the sea with free lung, and autonomous or scuba diving, through which the diver uses a bottle with compressed air. Recreational diving is generally limited to 20-40 meters depth.
• Professional diving. It is considered professional due to the training, studies and licenses that the diver has. It is determined that the use of air rebreathers, also called "recycled respiratory assistance devices" is within this category, due to the risk and the level of preparation required by the diver who uses them. You can descend to depths of more than 100 m.

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Benefits of doing outdoor sports

Performing this type of exercise can bring many benefits such as:

• Improves overall fitness
• Improvement of the cardiovascular system
• Relieve the stress
• Reduces anxiety
• Improved self esteem
• Prevents cognitive diseases
• Improves the immune system
• Strengthens the bones
• Improves coordination and balance skills
• Helps to rest better
• Allows you to meet people
• Connects you with nature and promotes respect for it

What is your favorite outdoor sport? Do you think we did not mention something important? Leave your opinion in the comments.